Stick Nodes

Stick Nodes®

A stickfigure animation app created for mobile devices!

Create your own stickman animations on your Android or iOS device!

Create a Profile

Community / Profile

  • Community Activity
  • Community Members
  • Community Groups
  • Log In
  • Register

Recent Activity

  • Profile PhotoChilePixels@chileenpixelesThank you [More»]3 minutes ago
  • Profile PhotoFizzyTheGreat@fizzythegreat-_- [More»]8 minutes ago
  • Profile PhotoTrolloner@trollonerAbsolutely [More»]10 minutes ago
  • Profile PhotoFizzyTheGreat@fizzythegreatCouple of weeks I believe [More»]13 minutes ago
  • Profile PhotoClvn@clvnisdrawingCinema already [More»]20 minutes ago

Pages

  • About Us
  • Animation Spotlights
  • Christmas Banners
    • December 1
    • December 10
    • December 11
    • December 12
    • December 13
    • December 14
    • December 15
    • December 16
    • December 17
    • December 18
    • December 19
    • December 2
    • December 20
    • December 21
    • December 22
    • December 23
    • December 24
    • December 25
    • December 26
    • December 27
    • December 28
    • December 29
    • December 3
    • December 30
    • December 31
    • December 4
    • December 5
    • December 6
    • December 7
    • December 8
    • December 9
    • November 27
    • November 28
    • November 29
    • November 30
  • FAQs
  • Polls Archive
  • Roles and Badges
  • Stickfigures
    • Backgrounds
    • Effects
    • Miscellaneous
    • Objects
    • Packs
    • People
    • Vehicles
    • Weapons
  • Submit Thumbnail
  • Tutorials
  • Stick Nodes Twitter
  • Stick Nodes Facebook
  • Stick Nodes Youtube
  • Stick Nodes Reddit

Recent Comments

  • Profile PhotoOlaf@sambor28Guiding Light And Misleading Light MovieclipGuiding Light And Misleading Light MovieclipIdk if that’s possible but I’ll try... [More»]47 minutes ago
  • Profile PhotoR30M1KAG3@r3om1kag3Nezha MovieclipNezha MovieclipI don’t remember the last time I even THOUGHT about Nezha πŸ₯€πŸ˜­... [More»]51 minutes ago
  • Profile PhotoOMeA ReX@omega-rexUltraman Mebius Pack MovieclipUltraman Mebius Pack MovieclipCarrying Ultraman in stick nodes btw [More»]1 hour ago
  • Profile PhotoMolly Prime@mollyprimeSpeculative Evolved Skibidi Toilet MovieclipSpeculative Evolved Skibidi Toilet Moviecliphttps://media.tenor.com/g0TdYZ1BMpgAAAAC/ishowspeed-meme.gif [More»]1 hour ago
  • Bonnie(Guest)Guiding Light And Misleading Light MovieclipGuiding Light And Misleading Light MovieclipOnce your done with guiding light and misleading light V2 Can You... [More»]2 hours ago

Who’s Online?

There are 1056 users online now.

Sabriel816Cr4shMolly PrimeStriketatomicDarkPinkFoxScugNodesChilePixelsProject SticknodesPaXFizzyTheGreatRampage0 (Dutch)Rafa-WyVenKG-26Read My UsernameClvnKagamine Len (ZeMSMRigger) πŸ³οΈβ€πŸŒˆSaph1re

(And 981 guests)

Most users online was 7115 on:
Thu May 28th, 2026 @ 9:23am




  • Evolved Godzilla VS Thragg | Invincible and Monsterverse
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Half
    13
    Youtube

    Evolved Godzilla VS Thragg | Invincible and Monsterverse

    By SlicK · Spotlighted on Jun 1st

    Strongest hairline vs sharpest jawline, which prevails?

  • Shadow Vs Sonic Black
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Half
    6
    Youtube

    Shadow Vs Sonic Black

    By JustCrimson Productions · Spotlighted on May 29th

    The Black Sonic versus Sonic Black

  • The Boiled One VS Baldi (Complete)
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Empty
    11
    Youtube

    The Boiled One VS Baldi (Complete)

    By John Anims · Spotlighted on May 25th

    do you hear....the trumpets? *scary noises*

  • The Great Battle Collab
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Filled
    • Star Half
    5
    Youtube

    The Great Battle Collab

    By DrakeDG18 · Spotlighted on May 22nd

    Collab hosted by DrakeDG18

Activity

  • Profile picture of πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„

    πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„occiferchristmas-2021-winneruc-voterfeatured-lvl1crusadermaster-nodersubscriberuc-winner-lvl4 2021-02-06 03:53:18 UTC

    @darthscheck21

    Ain’t you gonna say something else bitch ? Or you gonna go silent like the feeble worm you are ?

    I don’t wanna flood a random post with your fuckery

    6
    • goat
    • MAB
    • Professional at Dumbfuckery
    • John Wick
    • Lulu
    • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
    • Profile picture of MAB
      MAB · 5 years, 3 months ago

      ha worm fuckery

      2021-02-06 04:22:56 UTC 2
      • John Wick
      • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
      • Profile picture of πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
        πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„ · 5 years, 3 months ago
        Replying to: MABha worm fuckery

        He comes here trying to act cool by saying I don’t deserve love ☹️

        Quite pathetic

        2021-02-06 04:28:49 UTC 4
        • Professional at Dumbfuckery
        • John Wick
        • Lulu
        • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
        • Profile picture of MAB
          MAB · 5 years, 3 months ago
          Replying to: πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„He comes here trying to act cool by saying I don't deserve

          you deserve it you sexy beast you

          2021-02-06 04:35:21 UTC 8
          • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
          • goat
          • Certified Tea Drinker
          • Professional at Dumbfuckery
          • John Wick
          • Tastylemon16
          • Lulu
          • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
          • Profile picture of πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
            πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„ · 5 years, 3 months ago
            Replying to: MAByou deserve it you sexy beast you

            Thank you Mab !

            We deserve each other at the end ‘

            2021-02-06 04:36:06 UTC 5
            • MAB
            • Professional at Dumbfuckery
            • John Wick
            • Lulu
            • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
            • Profile picture of MAB
              MAB · 5 years, 3 months ago
              Replying to: πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„Thank you Mab ! We deserve each other at the end '

              oh stop it you

              2021-02-06 04:40:24 UTC 4
              • Professional at Dumbfuckery
              • John Wick
              • Lulu
              • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
              • Profile picture of πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„ · 5 years, 3 months ago
                Replying to: MABoh stop it you

                Yeet

                2021-02-06 04:41:06 UTC 4
                • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                • John Wick
                • Lulu
                • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                • Profile picture of MAB
                  MAB · 5 years, 3 months ago
                  Replying to: πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„Yeet

                  every time im sincere you say yeet 😡

                  2021-02-06 04:43:27 UTC 6
                  • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                  • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                  • John Wick
                  • Tastylemon16
                  • Lulu
                  • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                  • Profile picture of πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                    πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„ · 5 years, 3 months ago
                    Replying to: MABevery time im sincere you say yeet 😡

                    Yeet

                    2021-02-06 05:58:42 UTC 5
                    • MAB
                    • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                    • John Wick
                    • Lulu
                    • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                    • Profile picture of MAB
                      MAB · 5 years, 3 months ago
                      Replying to: πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„Yeet

                      im tryin to be nice 😞

                      2021-02-06 06:08:54 UTC 5
                      • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                      • John Wick
                      • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                      • Lulu
                      • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                      • Profile picture of goat
                        goat · 5 years, 3 months ago
                        Replying to: MABim tryin to be nice 😞

                        Yeet

                        2021-02-06 06:10:23 UTC 5
                        • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                        • John Wick
                        • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                        • Lulu
                        • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                        • Profile picture of MAB
                          MAB · 5 years, 3 months ago
                          Replying to: goatYeet

                          noe

                          2021-02-06 06:14:25 UTC 4
                          • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                          • John Wick
                          • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                          • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                      • Profile picture of MAB
                        MAB · 5 years, 3 months ago
                        Replying to: MABim tryin to be nice 😞

                        actually, fuck you. im gonna shove expired yogurt up my ass and have it trickle into your mouth while you sleep you neck beard fish fucker

                        2021-02-06 06:13:32 UTC 5
                        • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                        • John Wick
                        • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                        • Lulu
                        • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                        • Profile picture of goat
                          goat · 5 years, 3 months ago
                          Replying to: MABactually, fuck you. im gonna shove expired yogurt up my ass

                          Hot

                          2021-02-06 06:20:27 UTC 7
                          • MAB
                          • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                          • John Wick
                          • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                          • Lulu
                          • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                          • Unknown
    • Profile picture of Turles
      Turles · 5 years, 3 months ago

      Hey man might wanna read the rules before you start calling dudes “bitch” just a heads up

      2021-02-06 04:30:43 UTC 5
      • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
      • Professional at Dumbfuckery
      • John Wick
      • Lulu
      • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
      • Profile picture of πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
        [removed] · 5 years, 3 months ago
        Replying to: TurlesHey man might wanna read the rules before you start calling [content under review]
        2021-02-06 04:34:16 UTC 7
        • MAB
        • Professional at Dumbfuckery
        • John Wick
        • Tastylemon16
        • Lulu
        • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
        • Turles
      • Profile picture of Kokyutsu
        Kokyutsu · 5 years, 3 months ago
        Replying to: TurlesHey man might wanna read the rules before you start calling

        XD say that to the past….4
        months of activity

        2021-02-06 05:50:30 UTC 0
          • Profile picture of πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
            πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„ · 5 years, 3 months ago
            Replying to: KokyutsuXD say that to the past....4 months of activity

            Bitch boy alert ? Very much ?

            2021-02-06 05:59:25 UTC 3
            • Professional at Dumbfuckery
            • John Wick
            • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
      • Profile picture of Kokyutsu
        Kokyutsu · 5 years, 3 months ago

        ….i have a life outside sticknodes you know ive been working on things for the past 2 months.
        and i never said you didnt deserve love.
        i asked if you did or did not.
        never did i say wich is so.

        2021-02-06 05:48:07 UTC 0
          • Profile picture of RedHood
            RedHood · 5 years, 3 months ago
            Replying to: Kokyutsu....i have a life outside sticknodes you know ive been worki

            This isn’t my argument to get involved in but that’s the stupidest defense I’ve ever heard

            2021-02-06 05:54:50 UTC 4
            • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
            • Professional at Dumbfuckery
            • John Wick
            • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
            • Profile picture of Kokyutsu
              Kokyutsu · 5 years, 3 months ago
              Replying to: RedHoodThis isn't my argument to get involved in but that's the s

              probably couldve used better wording but im to busy to give a shit and gigan can say he hurt me all he wants but he hasnt said anything thst even relates to me besides my level of IQ and how much of a bitch i can be sometimes and really he should get better insult meterial if he wants to mentaly hurt me

              2021-02-06 05:59:07 UTC 0
                • Profile picture of πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                  πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„ · 5 years, 3 months ago
                  Replying to: Kokyutsuprobably couldve used better wording but im to busy to give

                  You *magically* left after insulted you and you’ve already shown that you can’t take any after dishing em out

                  2021-02-06 06:00:39 UTC 3
                  • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                  • John Wick
                  • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                • Profile picture of RedHood
                  RedHood · 5 years, 3 months ago
                  Replying to: Kokyutsuprobably couldve used better wording but im to busy to give

                  Yet you take time out of your “busy” day to insult Gigan and say stupid crap

                  2021-02-06 06:08:55 UTC 5
                  • goat
                  • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                  • John Wick
                  • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                  • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
              • Profile picture of Kokyutsu
                Kokyutsu · 5 years, 3 months ago
                Replying to: RedHoodThis isn't my argument to get involved in but that's the s

                now if youll exvuse me ive got to get back to working on what i need to work on

                2021-02-06 06:01:37 UTC 0
                  • Profile picture of πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                    πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„ · 5 years, 3 months ago
                    Replying to: Kokyutsunow if youll exvuse me ive got to get back to working on wha

                    Nice excuse , bitch boy…

                    You know what , that stupid nickname ain’t even fitting enough to show how cuckish you actually are !

                    2021-02-06 06:02:47 UTC 3
                    • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                    • John Wick
                    • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                  • Profile picture of MAB
                    MAB · 5 years, 3 months ago
                    Replying to: Kokyutsunow if youll exvuse me ive got to get back to working on wha

                    where did all these cunt 11 year olds commme from fuck offfffff

                    2021-02-06 06:27:07 UTC 4
                    • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                    • John Wick
                    • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                    • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                    • Profile picture of goat
                      goat · 5 years, 3 months ago
                      Replying to: MABwhere did all these cunt 11 year olds commme from fuck offff

                      The same place every other cunt comes from

                      Earth

                      2021-02-06 06:36:15 UTC 5
                      • MAB
                      • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                      • John Wick
                      • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                      • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                      • Profile picture of MAB
                        MAB · 5 years, 3 months ago
                        Replying to: goatThe same place every other cunt comes from Earth

                        wher

                        2021-02-06 06:39:14 UTC 4
                        • Professional at Dumbfuckery
                        • John Wick
                        • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                        • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
              • Profile picture of πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
                πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„ · 5 years, 3 months ago
                Replying to: Kokyutsu....i have a life outside sticknodes you know ive been worki

                Shut the fuck up bitch boy

                2021-02-06 05:58:07 UTC 3
                • John Wick
                • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
                • Professional at Dumbfuckery
            • Profile picture of Professional at Dumbfuckery
              Professional at Dumbfuckery · 5 years, 3 months ago

              Jesus fuck what happened now

              2021-02-06 08:24:48 UTC 1
              • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
            • Profile picture of John Wick
              John Wick · 5 years, 3 months ago

              And i thought he would be partly decent

              2021-02-06 09:07:38 UTC 4
              • πŸŽ„πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈRenΓ© (F)πŸ³οΈβ€βš§οΈπŸŽ„
              • π•π•šπ•”π•₯𝕠𝕣 - 𝟚
              • RedHood
              • Professional at Dumbfuckery

          Random Ass Poll

          At which level of second-to-third degree burns do you like your marshmallows?

          View Results

          Loading ... Loading ...
          Poll Archive

          • Profile PhotoThe_banosx293s
          • Profile PhotoNightnii
          • Profile PhotoJazz plays animation
          • Profile PhotoGibby
          • Profile PhotoRampage0 (Dutch)
          • Profile PhotoVoidfell
          • Profile PhotoPuramid
          • Profile PhotoOlaf
          • Profile PhotoLawyer!?β„ 
          • Profile PhotoNeighborly_Nepsnek
          • Profile PhotoAnima272727
          • Profile Photoguiir2k
          • Profile PhotoFizzyTheGreat
          • Profile PhotoKagamine Len (ZeMSMRigger) πŸ³οΈβ€πŸŒˆ
          • Profile PhotoProject Sticknodes
          • Profile PhotoTrolloner
          • Profile PhotoTrolloner
          • Profile PhotoFizzyTheGreat
          • Profile PhotoπŒπ‰ 𝐍𝐨𝐯𝐲𝐱
          • Profile PhotoKagamine Len (ZeMSMRigger) πŸ³οΈβ€πŸŒˆ
          • Godzilla 1954 Movieclip 5Godzilla 1954 Movieclip 5
          • Frame Impact MovieclipFrame Impact Movieclip
          • Ultimate Doughe Godzilla MovieclipUltimate Doughe Godzilla Movieclip
          • RohemasGGs Smears and Impacts 3 MovieclipRohemasGGs Smears and Impacts 3 Movieclip

          What is Stick Nodes?

          Stick Nodes is a simple-but-powerful stickfigure animation app created for mobile devices. Easily create your own animations of moving stickfigures right on your Android, iPhone, or iPad!

          Easy for new animators but incredibly robust for more skilled users - the simplicity of Pivot with the power of Flash!

          The Pro version of Stick Nodes has extra functionality for sound effects, MP4 (video) exporting, no ads/watermark, and extra stickfigure filters (blur, glow, saturation, hue-shift, color-inversion, pixelation, and tint). It's a one-time payment, no IAP, and updates forever!

          Features for both Free/Pro versions include:

          • Import and animate images as well (sprites)!
          • Automatic customizable frame-tweening, make your animations smoother
          • A simple camera to pan/zoom/rotate around the scene, similar to the "v-cam" in Flash.
          • Movieclips allow you to create and reuse/loop animation objects within your projects.
          • A variety of shapes, color/scale on a per-segment basis, gradients - create any "stickfigure" you can imagine!
          • Textfields allow for easy text and speech in your animations.
          • Add all kinds of sounds effects to make your animations epic.
          • Apply different filters to your stickfigures - transparency, blur, glow, and more.
          • Join stickfigures together to easily simulate holding/wearing objects.
          • A large community full of all kinds of...interesting characters, and other animators.
          • Over 60,000+ stickfigures (and counting) to download from the website.
          • Export to GIF (or MP4 for Pro) to share your animation online.
          • Compatibility with pre-3.0 Pivot stickfigure files.
          • Save/open/share your projects, stickfigures, and movieclips.
          • And all the other typical animation stuff - undo/redo, onion-skin, tweening tools, and more!
          Stick Nodes Samsung Stick Nodes iPad

          Stick Nodes comes in a few languages as well:

          • English
          • EspaΓ±ol
          • FranΓ§ais
          • Japanese
          • Filipino
          • PortuguΓͺs
          • Russian
          • TΓΌrkΓ§e
          Stick Nodes

          Stick Nodes® ©2014 - 2026 Ralph Damiano of ForTheLoss Games, Inc.

          All rights reserved | TOS & Privacy Policy

          Powered by WordPress. Theme is DW Minion by DesignWall

          ©2021 RalphCo, Inc.